Basic measures¶

The evaluation tool provides a range of linking and clustering evaluation measures. These are described briefly below and listed by the nel list-measures command. For more details of correspondences between linking measures here and in the literature, see Hachey et al. (2014). For clustering, see Pradhan et al. (2014). For a quick reference, see our cheatsheet. (As described there, evaluation can be performed across the whole corpus, or with separate scores for each document/type as well as micro- and macro-averages across all types/docs.)

Official TAC 2014 measures¶

TAC 2014 reports two official measures, one for linking/wikification and one for nil clustering. For more detail, see the TAC 2014 scoring page.

Linking evaluation¶

strong_typed_all_match is a micro-averaged evaluation of all mentions. A mention is counted as correct if it is a correct link or a correct nil. A correct link must have the same span, entity type, and KB identifier as a gold link. A correct nil must have the same span as a gold nil. This is the official linking evaluation measure for TAC 2014.

Clustering evaluation¶

mention_ceaf is based on a one-to-one alignment between system and gold clusters — both KB and nil. It computes an optimal mapping based on overlap between system-gold cluster pairs. System and gold mentions must have the same span to affect the alignment. Unmatched mentions also affect precision and recall.

Additional diagnostic measures¶

The evaluation tool also provides a number of diagnostic measures available to isolate performance of system components and compare to numbers reported elsewhere in the literature.

Mention detection evaluation¶

strong_mention_match is a micro-averaged evaluation of entity mentions. A system span must match a gold span exactly to be counted as correct.

strong_typed_mention_match additionally requires the correct entity type. This is equivalent to the CoNLL NER evaluation (Tjong Kim Sang & De Meulder, 2003).

strong_linked_mention_match is the same as strong_mention_match but only considers non-nil mentions that are linked to KB identifier.

Measures sensitive to partial overlap between the system and gold mentions, using the LoReHLT metric can be constructed with aggregates such as overlap-sumsum. See the Measures in detail.

Linking evaluation¶

strong_link_match is a micro-averaged evaluation of links. A system link must have the same span and KB identifier as a gold link to be counted as correct. This is equivalent to Cornolti et al.’s (2013) strong annotation match. Recall here is equivalent to KB accuracy from TAC tasks before 2014.

strong_nil_match is a micro-averaged evaluation of nil mentions. A system nil must have the same span as a gold nil to be counted as correct. Recall here is equivalent to nil accuracy from TAC tasks before 2014.

strong_all_match is a micro-averaged link evaluation of all mentions. A mention is counted as correct if is either a link match or a nil match as defined above. This is equivalent to overall accuracy from TAC tasks before 2014.

Document-level tagging evaluation¶

entity_match is a micro-averaged document-level set-of-titles measure. It is the same as entity match reported by Cornolti et al. (2013).

Clustering evaluation¶

entity_ceaf — like mention_ceaf — is based on a one-to-one alignment between system and gold entity clusters. Here system-gold cluster pairs are scored by their Dice coefficient.

b_cubed assesses the proportion of each mention’s cluster that is shared between gold and predicted clusterings.

b_cubed_plus is identical to b_cubed, but additionally requires a correct KB identifier for non-nil mentions.

muc counts the number of edits required to translate the gold clustering into the prediction.

pairwise measures the proportion of mention pairs occurring in the same cluster in both gold and predicted clusterings. It is similar to the Rand Index.

For more detail, see Pradhan et al.’s (2014) excellent overview of clustering measures for coreference evaluation, and our Coreference_Evaluation.